Help with a tricky brainteaser question
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Help with a tricky brainteaser question

[From: ] [author: ] [Date: 12-01-01] [Hit: ]
II and III. 50% of those asked favoured proposal I, 30% favoured proposal II and 20% favoured proposal III.If 5% of those asked favoured all three of the proposals, what percentage of those asked favoured more than one of the three proposals?Choose one answer.......
In a survey of political preferences, 78% of those asked were in favour of at least one of the proposals: I, II and III. 50% of those asked favoured proposal I, 30% favoured proposal II and 20% favoured proposal III.
If 5% of those asked favoured all three of the proposals, what percentage of those asked favoured more than one of the three proposals?
Choose one answer.

A. 5

B. 12

C. 17

D. 22
Show you working out and understanding

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P( I ∪ II ∪ III) = P(I) + P(II) + P(III) - P(I ∩ II) - P(I ∩ III) - P(II ∩ III) + P(! ∩ II ∩ III) = 78
50 + 30 + 20 - P(I ∩ II) - P(I ∩ III) - P(II ∩ III) + 5 = 78
P(I ∩ II) + P(I ∩ III) + P(II ∩ III) = 27

The percent that vote for all three proposals are included 3 times in this total (once for each probability in the sum).

27 - 3*5 = 12. 12 is the percent of people that favoured exactly 2 proposals.

The percent of people that favoured more than one proposal is 12 + 5 = 17 (favoured 2 or 3 proposals)

The answer is C. 17

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This question is actually not that hard. All you really needed was what percent favoured only one of the proposals. In this case it is 78%. Subtract that from 100% and you get 22%. That is your answer. The proposals I, II, III weren't needed. The question asks what percent favoured more than one, and that includes the given 5% because three is greater than one.
The answer is D.

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P(I) + P(II) + P(III) - P(2 of the 3) + P(all3) = 78
50+30+20 - P(2 of the 3) + 5 = 78
P(2 of the 3) = 27
P(more than 1) = 27-5 = 22% [D] <---------

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5% of those asked favoured all three of the proposals
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