These are the risks:
1)The risks are associated with PVC are that the plasticisers can leak out and this can be harmful, in particular to young children and babies who play with toys made from PVC.
2)The monomer Vinyl Chloride can cause liver cancer and people with lots of exposure to it (such as manufacturers) can be at risk of developing the disease.
3)When incinerated Dioxin is generated and this is associated with issues such as cancer and stays in the environment.
4)Some stabilizers used in PVC are toxic to humans (for example Cadmium and Lead) and when disposed the stabilizers sometimes pollute the environment however they are being replaced with other safer metals such as tin and calcium.
How are they regulated? Please help, all the info on the internet is really complicated I just need practical GCSE level answers here.
1)The risks are associated with PVC are that the plasticisers can leak out and this can be harmful, in particular to young children and babies who play with toys made from PVC.
2)The monomer Vinyl Chloride can cause liver cancer and people with lots of exposure to it (such as manufacturers) can be at risk of developing the disease.
3)When incinerated Dioxin is generated and this is associated with issues such as cancer and stays in the environment.
4)Some stabilizers used in PVC are toxic to humans (for example Cadmium and Lead) and when disposed the stabilizers sometimes pollute the environment however they are being replaced with other safer metals such as tin and calcium.
How are they regulated? Please help, all the info on the internet is really complicated I just need practical GCSE level answers here.
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1] Phthalate ester plasticizers pose much less hazard than you have been given to understand.
Poly Vinyl Chloride plasticized with dioctyl phthalate has for DECADES been used for blood bags [the bag they fill when someone donates blood].
If there WERE any severe chemical hazard, would not medical science have seen it ?
Transfusing blood that sat in a PVC blood bag for a week or more would give a much greater chemical exposure, with higher blood concentration of phthalate esters, than merely rubbing skin against the bag ! Mainlining it vs dermal absorption ? No contest.
There have been very many children who have been severely injured, and had heavy and continued transfusions in their treatment. Surely some pediatric researcher would have noticed it in sixty plus years ?
2] Vinyl Chloride [monochloroethylene] is indeed nasty stuff. As an OSHA Carcinogen [a chemical which has been legally declared to be a carcinogen by OSHA] there are very specific rules its handling.
Like pretty much any industrial chemical there will be an allowable exposure limit, and exposures will be monitored. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Permissible… is short, but the two external links at the bottom are good.
Poly Vinyl Chloride plasticized with dioctyl phthalate has for DECADES been used for blood bags [the bag they fill when someone donates blood].
If there WERE any severe chemical hazard, would not medical science have seen it ?
Transfusing blood that sat in a PVC blood bag for a week or more would give a much greater chemical exposure, with higher blood concentration of phthalate esters, than merely rubbing skin against the bag ! Mainlining it vs dermal absorption ? No contest.
There have been very many children who have been severely injured, and had heavy and continued transfusions in their treatment. Surely some pediatric researcher would have noticed it in sixty plus years ?
2] Vinyl Chloride [monochloroethylene] is indeed nasty stuff. As an OSHA Carcinogen [a chemical which has been legally declared to be a carcinogen by OSHA] there are very specific rules its handling.
Like pretty much any industrial chemical there will be an allowable exposure limit, and exposures will be monitored. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Permissible… is short, but the two external links at the bottom are good.
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