Does 1-butanol or octane have a higher boiling point
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Does 1-butanol or octane have a higher boiling point

[From: ] [author: ] [Date: 11-11-11] [Hit: ]
5-1.so with this in mind, molecules that exhibit the polar properties etc, have higher boiling points, so 1-butanol has london forces, h-bonding and dipole-dipole,......
I know I can look it up but is there a way to determine this WITHOUT researching it?
Thanks

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yes there is, you can determine boiling point off intermolecular forces:

H-bonding: any hydrogen atom bonded with N,O & F (some say S too)
dipole-dipole: any molecule that exhibits an overall net dipole in a given direction electronegtivity diff. of .5-1.5
ion-dipole: water molecule bonded to an ion
london forces: ALL molecules exhibit london forces

so with this in mind, molecules that exhibit the polar properties etc, have higher boiling points, so 1-butanol has london forces, h-bonding and dipole-dipole, and octane just has london forces since its only C-H bonds, hence an alcohol has higher boiling points than alkanes, alkenes, alkynes.

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The quick answer is that 1-butanol has a higher boiling point. The reason is that 1-Butanol exhibits hydrogen bonding while Octane doesn't.

The method of answering the question without research is simple. There are three trends to look for when determining boiling point. The first is the intermolecular forces present in each molecule, the second is the number of carbons in each molecule, and the third is the number of branches in each molecule.

1. The molecule with higher Intermolecular Forces will have higher BP: If you're being asked this question, you shuold already be familiar with IMF, but to sum it up, here is the order of intermolecular forces with increasing strength - Van Der Waals
2. Molecule with higher number of C will have a higher BP: Self explanatory. Nonane has a higher BP than Octane.

3. Number of branching decreases BP.
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