I really need hep answering these questions. Ive flipped through the book multiple times and can't find much. Thank you!
1) The enzyme controlling dark pigmentations in northern seals is active only at low temperatures. How is this of adaptive value?
2) Cyanide can combine with and deactivate cytochrome a and cytochrome a3. In our bodies, however, cyanide tends to react first with hemoglobin and to make it possible for oxygen to bind to the hemoglobin. Either way, cyanide poisoning has the same effect: it inhibits the synthesis of ATP. Explain how this is so.
3) Certain chemicals function as "uncoupling" agents when they are added to respiring mitochondria. The passage of electrons down the chain of oxygen continues, but no ATP is formed. One of these agents, the antibiotic valinomycin, is known to transport K+ ions through the inner membrane into the matrix. Another 2,4-dinitrophenol, transports H+ ions through the membrane into the matrix. How do these substances prevent the formation of ATP? Which would you expect to have the most profound on ATP formation? Why?
4) In the cells of a specialized tissue known as brown fat, the inner membrane of the mitochondria is permeable to H+ ions. These cells contain large sores of fat molecules, which are gradually broken down and the resulting acetyl groups are fed into the Krebs cycle. The electrons captured by NADH and FADH2 are, in turn, fed into the electron transport chain and ultimately accepted by oxygen. No ATP is synthesized however. Why not? Brown fat tissue is found in some hibernating animals and in mammalian infants that are born hairless, including human infants. What is the function of brown n fat?
5) Why is it plausible to argue that whenever in the universe we find living organisms. at least some of them will be colored?
Thank you!!
1) The enzyme controlling dark pigmentations in northern seals is active only at low temperatures. How is this of adaptive value?
2) Cyanide can combine with and deactivate cytochrome a and cytochrome a3. In our bodies, however, cyanide tends to react first with hemoglobin and to make it possible for oxygen to bind to the hemoglobin. Either way, cyanide poisoning has the same effect: it inhibits the synthesis of ATP. Explain how this is so.
3) Certain chemicals function as "uncoupling" agents when they are added to respiring mitochondria. The passage of electrons down the chain of oxygen continues, but no ATP is formed. One of these agents, the antibiotic valinomycin, is known to transport K+ ions through the inner membrane into the matrix. Another 2,4-dinitrophenol, transports H+ ions through the membrane into the matrix. How do these substances prevent the formation of ATP? Which would you expect to have the most profound on ATP formation? Why?
4) In the cells of a specialized tissue known as brown fat, the inner membrane of the mitochondria is permeable to H+ ions. These cells contain large sores of fat molecules, which are gradually broken down and the resulting acetyl groups are fed into the Krebs cycle. The electrons captured by NADH and FADH2 are, in turn, fed into the electron transport chain and ultimately accepted by oxygen. No ATP is synthesized however. Why not? Brown fat tissue is found in some hibernating animals and in mammalian infants that are born hairless, including human infants. What is the function of brown n fat?
5) Why is it plausible to argue that whenever in the universe we find living organisms. at least some of them will be colored?
Thank you!!
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1. I think that the cold temperatures of the long nights in winter allow enzymes to function.
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