Let L be the ring of all matrices in M_2(R) of the form of this 2x2 matrix:
(a 0)
(b c)
Show that the function f : L → R x R given by f (matrix shown above) = (a,c) is a surjective homomorphism, but not an isomorphism.
Prove 3 points:
1) f is a homomorphism
2) f is surjective (i.e. onto)
3) f is not injective (i.e. not one-to-one)
(a 0)
(b c)
Show that the function f : L → R x R given by f (matrix shown above) = (a,c) is a surjective homomorphism, but not an isomorphism.
Prove 3 points:
1) f is a homomorphism
2) f is surjective (i.e. onto)
3) f is not injective (i.e. not one-to-one)
-
Homomorphism:
f[(a 0)]+ f[(a' 0)] =
[(b c)]....[(b' c')]
(a,c) + (a',c') =
(a + a',c + c') =
f[(a+a' 0....)]
[(b+b' c+c')]
as desired.
Surjective: for any (a,c)
(a,c)
f[(a 0)]
[(0 c)]
not injective:
f[(1 0)]
[(0 1)] =
f[(1 0)]
[(1 1)]
QED
f[(a 0)]+ f[(a' 0)] =
[(b c)]....[(b' c')]
(a,c) + (a',c') =
(a + a',c + c') =
f[(a+a' 0....)]
[(b+b' c+c')]
as desired.
Surjective: for any (a,c)
(a,c)
f[(a 0)]
[(0 c)]
not injective:
f[(1 0)]
[(0 1)] =
f[(1 0)]
[(1 1)]
QED