While knowing Integral [ f(sin(x)) , from 0 to Pi/2]dx = Integral[ f(cos(x)) , from 0 to Pi/2]dx
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Let z = π/2 - x <==> x = π/2 - z.
So, dx = -dz.
Bounds: x = 0 ==> z = π/2, and x = π/2 ==> z = 0.
Moreover, tan(π/2 - z) = sin(π/2 - z)/cos(π/2 - z) = cos z/sin z = cot z.
Therefore,
∫(x = 0 to π/2) f(tan x) dx
= ∫(z = π/2 to 0) f(cot z) * -dz
= ∫(z = 0 to π/2) f(cot z) dz
= ∫(x = 0 to π/2) f(cot x) dx, dummy variable change.
I hope this helps!
So, dx = -dz.
Bounds: x = 0 ==> z = π/2, and x = π/2 ==> z = 0.
Moreover, tan(π/2 - z) = sin(π/2 - z)/cos(π/2 - z) = cos z/sin z = cot z.
Therefore,
∫(x = 0 to π/2) f(tan x) dx
= ∫(z = π/2 to 0) f(cot z) * -dz
= ∫(z = 0 to π/2) f(cot z) dz
= ∫(x = 0 to π/2) f(cot x) dx, dummy variable change.
I hope this helps!