Bimetallic strips are made of two metals that have different expansion coefficients, meaning that when they heat up they both expand at different rates. If two thin strips of different metals are bonded together, the resulting strip will bend when it heats and cools because one surface expands more than the other. That's a bimetallic strip. In a thermostat, the strip is usually coiled up, so the coil expands or contracts with changes in temperature. This can be used to open/close contacts, or a mercury switch can be connected to the inside of the strip so that the switch changes positions, turning the heater on and off.
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