Can anyone provide a detailed explanation on the change between ice -> water -> steam
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Can anyone provide a detailed explanation on the change between ice -> water -> steam

[From: ] [author: ] [Date: 12-12-04] [Hit: ]
the water molecules are packed tightly together, with only vibrating movement.As the solid is heated, the molecules absorb heat as kinetic energy, which helps them move faster and break away from that tight hold (strong intermolecular attraction) . They now have more kinetic energy which allows them to slide past eachother in a liquid state (less strength of intermolecular attraction) instead of just vibrating.......
Include the changes of arrangement, movement and energy of particles
also talk about the intermolecular force of attraction

Please help!
Also if you are kind please please tell me why ionic bonds are stronger than covalent

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At the solid state (ice), the water molecules are packed tightly together, with only vibrating movement.
As the solid is heated, the molecules absorb heat as kinetic energy, which helps them move faster and break away from that tight hold (strong intermolecular attraction) . They now have more kinetic energy which allows them to slide past eachother in a liquid state (less strength of intermolecular attraction) instead of just vibrating. As more heat is added, the water molecules gain even more kinetic energy, which allows them to overcome the bonds holding them close together in the sliding form, and they spread out in a more free distance in the gas form, where there is very very little intermolecular attraction at work.
Ionic bonds are stronger than covalent bonds because ionic bonds involve an attraction between two oppositely charged atoms where there is a somewhat transfer of an electron from the cation to the anion, whereas covalent bonds are formed only from sharing a pair of electrons.
Think about it this way: if you're sharing something with someone, it's easier to let it go (weaker covalent bonds ---> sharing of electron pairs) but if you've taken something from someone, it's harder to let it go (stronger ionic bonds ---> transfer of an electron from one to another).

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This is nonsense: "Ionic bonds are stronger than covalent bonds because ionic bonds involve an attraction between two oppositely charged atoms where there is a somewhat transfer of an electron from the cation to the anion, whereas covalent bonds are formed only from sharing a pair of electrons."

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