1. If a substance is more acid that means there more hydrogen?
2. How can it be more base?
3. What is a alkyl?
2. How can it be more base?
3. What is a alkyl?
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First of all, it depends on what definition of acid and base you're using. I'm going to assume you're using the Arrhenius definition, in aqueous solution. There are other definitions of acid/base, but based on your questions, you are probably asking within the context of water-based solutions.
If a substance is more acidic, that means that a higher proportion dissociates into hydrogen ions and its conjugate base in water. Acetic acid only dissociates 5% into hydrogen ion/acetate ions.
In water, bases produce the hydroxide (OH-) ion. The principle is similar - a substance is more basic if a higher proportion of it dissociates into its conjugate acid and hydroxide ion.
Alkyl groups are essentially alkanes (hydrocarbons - wax, gasoline, natural gas, etc.) with one hydrogen removed, and attached to something else. Examples - ethyl, methyl, propyl, butyl, etc.
Halides are either ionic salts containing halide ions (chloride, bromide, iodide, fluoride - halogen atoms with one extra electron) or covalent compounds with something attached to a halogen atom with a -1 formal charge.
If a substance is more acidic, that means that a higher proportion dissociates into hydrogen ions and its conjugate base in water. Acetic acid only dissociates 5% into hydrogen ion/acetate ions.
In water, bases produce the hydroxide (OH-) ion. The principle is similar - a substance is more basic if a higher proportion of it dissociates into its conjugate acid and hydroxide ion.
Alkyl groups are essentially alkanes (hydrocarbons - wax, gasoline, natural gas, etc.) with one hydrogen removed, and attached to something else. Examples - ethyl, methyl, propyl, butyl, etc.
Halides are either ionic salts containing halide ions (chloride, bromide, iodide, fluoride - halogen atoms with one extra electron) or covalent compounds with something attached to a halogen atom with a -1 formal charge.