Calculate the ph? Need help!
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Calculate the ph? Need help!

[From: ] [author: ] [Date: 12-08-05] [Hit: ]
I know I have to use the Henderson-Hasselbach equation,I have to find the moles of the weak acid and NaOH.Moles NaOH -----> 0.5 L x 0.1 M= 0.05 mol NaOH.......
"500 mL of 0.100 M NaOH is added to to 625 mL of 0.200 M weak acid (Ka=5.11 * 10^-5). What is the pH of the resulting buffer?"

I know I have to use the Henderson-Hasselbach equation, which is ph=pKa + log(base/acid)
I have to find the moles of the weak acid and NaOH.

Moles NaOH -----> 0.5 L x 0.1 M= 0.05 mol NaOH. I think this is the limiting reagent?
Moles W.A. -------> 0.625 L x 0.2 M= .125 mol of the weak acid

pKa= -log(5.11 x 10^-5)= 4.29

I'm not sure what to do next. I guess I need to find the amount of base and acid left over and find the ratio? And then use the H.H equation from there? Please help!

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When you add the NaoH to the weak acid you produce the sodium salt of the acid. We assume that the weak acid is monoprotic:

Mol NaOH in 500mL of 0.10M solution = 0.5*0.1 = 0.05 mol NaOH
Mol acid in 625mL of 0.20M solution = 0.625*0.2 = 0.125 mol acid

On mixing you produce 0.05 mol Na salt and 0.125-0.05 = 0.075 mol acid remaining unreacted
These are dissolved in 500+625 = 1,125mL = 1.125L solution
Molarity salt = 0.05/1.125 = 0.0444M
Molarity acid = 0.075/1.125 = 0.0666M
pKa of acid = -log (5.11*10^-5) = 4.29

Now apply the H-H equation:
pH = pKa + log ([salt]/[acid])
pH = 4.29 + log ( 0.0444*0.0666)
pH = 4.29 + log 0.666
pH = 4.29+ (-0.18)
pH = 4.11
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