its extra credit and i really want it to be good and i want to be sure all my facts are correct.
if you know alot on chemistry, please leave me your email and i will send you my essay?
if you know alot on chemistry, please leave me your email and i will send you my essay?
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This is a tricky concept because there is not a clear distinction between ionic and covalent bonds. "Ionic" and "covalent" bonds exist on a continuum. Most bonds have characteristics of both ionic and covalent bonds. Even the most ionic of bonds (Cs-F) is not completely ionic (it is 8 percent covalent) and share electrons to a certain degree.
The business about ionic bonds being between metals and nonmetals, and covalent bonds between nonmetals is sheer fantasy. There are many metal/nonmetal bonds which are more covalent than ionic.
More chemical bonds are covalent than are ionic. All bonds like along a continuum between ionic and covalent and have some characteristics of both. To say that one bond is "ionic" and another "covalent" means that we must pick some arbitrary point at which to make the distinction. There is little agreement on what that arbitrary point should be, and in fact, there is no arbitrary point. We simply say that all bonds are covalent, while some are very polar (which you can call "ionic" if you should choose). The best way to describe a bond is by the percent ionic character of the covalent bond.
It is possible to compute the percent ionic character in a bond with the following formula:
percent ionic character = 100(1 - e^(-DEN^2/4) )
Therefore, it really doesn't make sense to try to peg a bond as either "ionic" or "covalent". What does make sense is to try to place the bond somewhere along the continuum. The key is to look at the electronegativity differences. The greater the electronegativity difference, the greater the percent ionic character.
For instance, in KCl the bonds are very polar. The electronegativity difference is (3.16-0.82 = 2.34) great enough to say that the bonds behave as if they were ionic (yet the percent ionic character is 75 percent ionic, or 25 percent covalent).
The business about ionic bonds being between metals and nonmetals, and covalent bonds between nonmetals is sheer fantasy. There are many metal/nonmetal bonds which are more covalent than ionic.
More chemical bonds are covalent than are ionic. All bonds like along a continuum between ionic and covalent and have some characteristics of both. To say that one bond is "ionic" and another "covalent" means that we must pick some arbitrary point at which to make the distinction. There is little agreement on what that arbitrary point should be, and in fact, there is no arbitrary point. We simply say that all bonds are covalent, while some are very polar (which you can call "ionic" if you should choose). The best way to describe a bond is by the percent ionic character of the covalent bond.
It is possible to compute the percent ionic character in a bond with the following formula:
percent ionic character = 100(1 - e^(-DEN^2/4) )
Therefore, it really doesn't make sense to try to peg a bond as either "ionic" or "covalent". What does make sense is to try to place the bond somewhere along the continuum. The key is to look at the electronegativity differences. The greater the electronegativity difference, the greater the percent ionic character.
For instance, in KCl the bonds are very polar. The electronegativity difference is (3.16-0.82 = 2.34) great enough to say that the bonds behave as if they were ionic (yet the percent ionic character is 75 percent ionic, or 25 percent covalent).
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