Evaporation is a process where liquid water changes to water vapor. For evaporation to occur, the liquid molecules have to get near the liquid’s surface and build up enough kinetic energy to overcome the attractive forces between molecules. Heat energy is crucial and is needed in order for evaporation to occur because once molecules obtain sufficient kinetic energy, they rise near the liquid’s surface and escape from liquid water to enter the atmosphere as water vapors. When water is heated by any heat source such as the sun, the molecules in the liquid water move faster and faster. The rapid movement of the molecules creates an enormous amount of heat and kinetic energy. As the liquid water is heated by a heat source, the molecules spread out, decreasing the distance between each molecule, which results in the weakening the forces between them. The weakening of the intermolecular forces allows the water molecules to get near the liquid’s surface and enter the atmosphere as water vapors. Therefore, in order for evaporation to occur, water molecules must have sufficient kinetic energy and be near the liquid’s surface to escape to the atmosphere.
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1.) There are fundamental differences between evaporation and boiling. Evaporation occurs at temperatues lower than the boiling point of the liquid. Also, evaporation occurs AT THE SURFACE OF THE LIQUID*, whereas in boiling, bubbles of vapor arise inside the body of the liquid. For a bubble to form, the pressure of the atmosphere on the surface of the liquid must be overcome.
* not NEAR the surface, being the point; AT the surface. That warm liquid expands, thereby getting a lower density and rising, is beside the point basically.
2.) Evaporation does not just occur with water. It occurs with ANY liquid, under the right conditions (energy and vapor, see the next point).
3.) The evaporation also depends on other conditions; in a closed vessel an equilibrium will be reached because there will be formed a saturated vapor over the liquid. Then, no more evaporation takes place basically**.
** well yeah up to a point it does, raising the pressure in the vapor .... P x V : T and all that
* not NEAR the surface, being the point; AT the surface. That warm liquid expands, thereby getting a lower density and rising, is beside the point basically.
2.) Evaporation does not just occur with water. It occurs with ANY liquid, under the right conditions (energy and vapor, see the next point).
3.) The evaporation also depends on other conditions; in a closed vessel an equilibrium will be reached because there will be formed a saturated vapor over the liquid. Then, no more evaporation takes place basically**.
** well yeah up to a point it does, raising the pressure in the vapor .... P x V : T and all that
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yes it is. very elaborate (:
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