The usual effect is pretty auroras and communications interference. The worst case effect is temporary power failures and (if no mitigation is taken) damage to power transformers. However, safety equipment will interpret a geomagnetic current accumulating in a given power line as a short-circuit. This is how a solar storm induced a temporary power failure in Quebec back in 1989. The line to the James Bay hydro-electric project built up a geo-magnetic current, and safety monitors read it as a short circuit such as what would happen if one of the lines fell into a lake, initiating an automated shut-down. This had the effect inducing wider black-outs as the remaining grid struggled to cope with the load, but protected it from actual damage. Satellites could also potentially be harmed if they weren't powered down and put to sleep until after the event passed.
Edit: No, a power outage for months/years is not remotely within the realm of possibility. It would be RARE for one to last in excess of a day or two. To have it last more than a few days would require an abject failure on the part of the power utilities to prepare for the event. Your idea of what a solar storm is dwells firmly within the realm of fantasy. Suffice to say, you have survived plenty of very high-intensity solar storms without realizing it. If you knew what you were talking about, you wouldn't have been asking about radiation effects. It's amazing how many self-declared "survivalists" have absolutely ******** ideas of what they're gearing up to supposedly survive.
Fried electronics are not a realistic possibility either, unless one is in the habit of connecting their electronics to multi-kilometer lengths of elevated cable without benefit of a circuit breaker or fuse. In other words, it would require perverse ingenuity to achieve. Sunburns are possible... but no more likely than on any other day.