I'm in a group project and our leader assigned me to make a video for our project. While I was making video (which is about the history of astronomy), there's a part of the paper that the leader gave to me that stated about Albert Einstein's contribution to astronomy which is the General theory of relativity. What is the connection of that Theory to Astronomy?
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Einsteins General Theory of Relativity is essentially the best description mathematically speaking 'modern' physics has of gravity, and relativistic speeds. It describes how light is the cosmic speed limit, gravity is a deformation of spacetime, and using these concepts astronomers have made huge advancements in their study of distant bodies which are both large( thus create large spacetime deformations due to their mass) and far away thus their light (which is all astronomers can use to detect them essentially) takes a long time to reach us. Theses allowed astronomers to calculate that galaxies are moving apart and the universe is expanding. There's much much more but in a nutshell his theory validated many theories, allowed much more accurate detection methods and allowed for the formulation of new theories.
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I can think of three examples: the orbit of Mercury, the existence of black holes, gravitational lenses.