If cyclones often form to the lee of mountain ranges, do cyclones often weaken near the upwind side of mountain ranges? Why? How can you verify this?
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Short answer: yes
Longer answer:
It's true cyclone form and strengthen in the lee of mountains. They form and strengthen b/c when the circulation descends...the column stretches and cyclonic vorticity (counter-clockwise spin) increases. The conservation of potential vorticity equation requires the circulation to spin faster and increase its cyclonic vorticity as the column stretches.
The opposite happens on the windward side. The column shrinks as the circulation begins to cross the mountain which reduces spin its cyclonic vorticity.
The reason the column shrinks going up one side and stretches going down the other instead of just going up and over is b/c the tropopause acts as an upper boundary to the column.
At least that's how I remember it from Atmospheric Dynamics.
Longer answer:
It's true cyclone form and strengthen in the lee of mountains. They form and strengthen b/c when the circulation descends...the column stretches and cyclonic vorticity (counter-clockwise spin) increases. The conservation of potential vorticity equation requires the circulation to spin faster and increase its cyclonic vorticity as the column stretches.
The opposite happens on the windward side. The column shrinks as the circulation begins to cross the mountain which reduces spin its cyclonic vorticity.
The reason the column shrinks going up one side and stretches going down the other instead of just going up and over is b/c the tropopause acts as an upper boundary to the column.
At least that's how I remember it from Atmospheric Dynamics.
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precipitation intensifies as they climb in elevation
as the air ascends, it cools and as it cools it can hold less moisture, and weh it releases moisture, it does so first in the form of clouds and then rain or snow
at the air mass descends the other side of the mountain, not only is much of the moisture released, making it drier, but also warms up, and can absorb more moisture, first dissolving any rain or snow, and then the clouds, creating clear dry conditions
as the air ascends, it cools and as it cools it can hold less moisture, and weh it releases moisture, it does so first in the form of clouds and then rain or snow
at the air mass descends the other side of the mountain, not only is much of the moisture released, making it drier, but also warms up, and can absorb more moisture, first dissolving any rain or snow, and then the clouds, creating clear dry conditions