Okay, I have AP biology final coming up next Tuesday.
There are about 80 questions on the study guide my teacher gave us, but there were several I wasn't sure of or didn't know.
Please help!
1) What are two theories regarding the rate by which evolution occurs?
2) What is the difference between human vs. a bacterial cell?
3) What evolutionary advancement do annelids have vs. mollusks?
4) why I'd development of a skeletal system important to animal evolution?
5) How does does an amphibian heart different from a mammalian heart?
6) How is carbon dioxide transported in the blood?
There are about 80 questions on the study guide my teacher gave us, but there were several I wasn't sure of or didn't know.
Please help!
1) What are two theories regarding the rate by which evolution occurs?
2) What is the difference between human vs. a bacterial cell?
3) What evolutionary advancement do annelids have vs. mollusks?
4) why I'd development of a skeletal system important to animal evolution?
5) How does does an amphibian heart different from a mammalian heart?
6) How is carbon dioxide transported in the blood?
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1) What are two theories regarding the rate by which evolution occurs?
a) Gradualism - changes in a species accumulate slowly and steadily over long periods of time
b) Punctuated equilibrium - species have long periods of evolutionary stasis, and brief periods of change and adaptive radiation
2) What is the difference between human vs. a bacterial cell?
Human cell is a eukaryotic animal cell and a bacterial cell is prokaryotic:
Human cell has a nucleus and membrane bound organelles. Bacterial cell doesn't have these -- its chromosome is in the cytoplasm and not protected by a nuclear membrane.
Human DNA is organized into 46 linear chromosomes. Bacterial DNA is circular, and there's one chromosome (+plasmids).
A typical human cell is bigger than a typical bacterial cell
A human cell has no cell wall. A typical bacterial cell has a cell wall.
3) What evolutionary advancement do annelids have vs. mollusks?
None that I can think of.
Your teacher might want you to mention "closed circulatory system" but the cephalopods have that too.
4) why I'd development of a skeletal system important to animal evolution?
Includes stiff structures for muscle attachment and function.
Can include stiff jaws, for better gripping / killing / grinding of food
Is strong for support against gravity (in terrestrial species).
The above factors have allowed bony animals to grow quite large.
5) How does does an amphibian heart different from a mammalian heart?
The amphibian heart is three-chambered -- only one ventricle, where the oxygenated and oxygen-depleted blood mix.
The mammalian heart is four-chambered -- two ventricles, and the oxygenated and oxygen-depleted blood do not mix. This supports a fully dual-circuit circulatory system.
6) How is carbon dioxide transported in the blood?
a) As the bicarbonate ion dissolved in the plasma
b) as carbonic acid in the plasma
c) as dissolved carbon dioxide gas in the plasma
d) bound to hemoglobin in red blood cells
a) Gradualism - changes in a species accumulate slowly and steadily over long periods of time
b) Punctuated equilibrium - species have long periods of evolutionary stasis, and brief periods of change and adaptive radiation
2) What is the difference between human vs. a bacterial cell?
Human cell is a eukaryotic animal cell and a bacterial cell is prokaryotic:
Human cell has a nucleus and membrane bound organelles. Bacterial cell doesn't have these -- its chromosome is in the cytoplasm and not protected by a nuclear membrane.
Human DNA is organized into 46 linear chromosomes. Bacterial DNA is circular, and there's one chromosome (+plasmids).
A typical human cell is bigger than a typical bacterial cell
A human cell has no cell wall. A typical bacterial cell has a cell wall.
3) What evolutionary advancement do annelids have vs. mollusks?
None that I can think of.
Your teacher might want you to mention "closed circulatory system" but the cephalopods have that too.
4) why I'd development of a skeletal system important to animal evolution?
Includes stiff structures for muscle attachment and function.
Can include stiff jaws, for better gripping / killing / grinding of food
Is strong for support against gravity (in terrestrial species).
The above factors have allowed bony animals to grow quite large.
5) How does does an amphibian heart different from a mammalian heart?
The amphibian heart is three-chambered -- only one ventricle, where the oxygenated and oxygen-depleted blood mix.
The mammalian heart is four-chambered -- two ventricles, and the oxygenated and oxygen-depleted blood do not mix. This supports a fully dual-circuit circulatory system.
6) How is carbon dioxide transported in the blood?
a) As the bicarbonate ion dissolved in the plasma
b) as carbonic acid in the plasma
c) as dissolved carbon dioxide gas in the plasma
d) bound to hemoglobin in red blood cells