Cloning and plant breeding.

A plant breeder clones a plant with beautiful flowers. Describe cloning and explain how the cloned offspring compare to the parent plant.

Help please?

For bacteria, there is only one way to make new bacteria, and that is for the bacteria to divide and make 2 identical copies (clones) of itself. If we were to watch 2 bacteria under a (very nice) microscope and watched them divide, and then reach in, grab them both and put them into separate flasks, we would say that we have 2 clones of the same bacteria, and that, because we've separated them, we have "cloned" them.

For sexually reproducing organisms such as plants, and ourselves, there are 2 ways to make a new organism. You can take a pollen (sperm) and impregnate the ovules (eggs), which you would then get a seed (zygote) which could become a new organism. This is NOT cloning. The other way is to take a cell from that organism, and figure out how to turn that cell into a fully functioning organism, which is another form of cloning. We can do this with a few types of organisms, but most importantly, we do this with plants all the time. Clones are similar to parent organisms in that they have exactly the same genome as the parent organism. Non-cloned organisms (i.e. sperm + egg, pollen + ovule) are not clones because DNA is recombined during the formation of gametes.